Cloning

In simple terms cloning means making an identical copy. In biology,Cloning is merely a process generating populations of genetically identical individuals in nature when some organisms like bacteria,plants,insects have asexual reproduction.In biotechnology,it is process of creating copies of DNA fragments ,cells or organisms.Human cloning is nothing but process of creating identical copy of presently living or previously lived persons.Basically human cloning can be divided into two types as

Therapeutic cloning
Reproductive cloning
A clone is an organism or a group of organisms created from a single parent. The term ‘clone’ has been derived from the Greek word ‘klon’ meaning a twig. Twigs or cuttings from plants have often been used for propagating plants. This is actually cloning the parent plant. With advances in genetic engineering it is now possible to produce an entire organism from just a single somatic cell taken from a plant or animal. Since body cells have two sets of chromosomes, they contain all the genetic information necessary for the organism. Cloning is now a standard bio-technological tool for growing superior plants of uniform quality in large numbers from parental cells taken from one good-quality plant. The first experimental cloning of animals was done in 1952 by American scientists Robert Briggs and Thomas J. King